Quizzes
Participants 16
Question 1
- When you are cut, it triggers a set of reactions that result in a scab. One of the first reactions consists of two proteins: antihemophilic factor (AHF) and factor IXa (CF). These bind to each other to form tenase (TEN), which then further reacts to form the clot. The reaction is the following:
At body temperature (37 oC), the equilibrium constant (K) for this reaction is 5.08 nM-‐1, and the concentrations of AHF and CF are 0.7 nM and 0.9 nM, respectively.
(a) (10 pts) What is [TEN] at equilibrium at body temperature?
(b) (10 pts) If you measure [TEN] = 7.8 nM, with the same AHF/CF concentrations in part a, what is ΔG and which direction is spontaneous?
(c) (15 pts) Blood clotting is affected by body temperature. Calculate the equilibrium constant at 35 oC (hypothermia) and 39 oC (high fever). Higher concentrations of tenase lead to larger blood clots. Will you form a larger clot when suffering from hypothermia or fever? The enthalpy of the reaction is ‐45.35 kJ/mol and it can be assumed to be independent of temperature.
Question 2
2. ) concentration in the atmosphere. Increases in temperature cause air to be able to hold more water. One of the potential consequences of this is extreme precipitation, where the intensity of an event has been shown increases with available moisture. The plot below shows data taken of the vapor pressure of water as a function of temperature for two geographical locations over the course of several years. Each data point is a day and, while the air is not always fully saturated, there is a clear maximum, above which higher vapor pressures cannot be achieved for a given temperature. For these maximum values, it is ok to assume that the data was gathered when the system is at equilibrium.
(20 pts) Using this data, calculate the ΔHᵒ of vaporization of water in the atmosphere, assuming it is independent of Temperature.